(JEFFERSON
CITY, Mo.) - "Missourian appointed judge advocate general of
the Army." "U.S. Congress creates new military rank, bestows
it upon a Missouri native." "Missouri general to command
the largest body of American soldiers ever assembled under one field
commander." Recent news from Iraq? Way before that. Afghanistan?
Not even close. Missouri has been home to
some of the country's most honored military leaders dating back
nearly 150 years. And this Veterans' Day, citizens can honor those
leaders at military destinations and memorials around the state.
Crowder State Park near Trenton, Mo., is named for the Missourian
credited as being "founder of the draft." The 1,912-acre
park features camping, hiking, mountain biking, equestrian trails,
picnic sites and a 20-acre lake for fishing and swimming.
The park's honoree, Enoch Herbert Crowder, was born in Edinburg,
Mo., in 1859. After graduating from West Point in 1881, he obtained
a law degree from the University of Missouri in 1886. His military
career was spent as a member of the Judge Advocate Corps. Although
promoted to brigadier general of Volunteers (now known as the
Reserves) in 1901, it was February 1911 before he attained General
Officer status in the regular Army. Brigadier General Crowder
was then appointed judge advocate general of the Army, a post
he held for 12 years. In that position he spearheaded a complete
revision of the Manual for Courts-Martial, and was primarily responsible
for drafting the Selective Service Act in 1917. He was promoted
to major general in 1917. Upon his retirement from military service
in 1923, he was named U.S. ambassador to Cuba, a position he held
until 1927.
At the General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
in Laclede, you can tour the home where Pershing grew up, view
a statue of the general, and explore exhibits chronicling his
life. Nearby Pershing State Park was established in honor of the
general and gives visitors the opportunity to explore shrub swamps,
marshes and a 1,000-acre wet prairie. A campground and four small
fishing lakes also are found in the 3,566-acre facility.
Born in Laclede, Mo., in 1860, John J. Pershing entered West
Point at the age of 22. His military career took him from San
Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War, to the Philippines and
Japan, to battles against the Mexican rebel Pancho Villa, and
eventually to Europe. He served as commander of the Allied Expeditionary
Forces during World War I, where he played a decisive role in
defeating Germany, culminating with the signing of the Armistice
on Nov. 11, 1918. By act of Congress, in 1919 Gen. John J. "Black
Jack" Pershing was promoted to general of the Armies, the
highest military rank ever held by an American soldier.
Exhibits honoring a general who led the largest body of American
soldiers ever assembled under one field commander can be found
at the General Omar N. Bradley Memorial in Moberly. Though born
in Clark, Mo., Omar N. Bradley's home was just up the road in
Moberly. At the close of World War I, Lt. Omar Bradley considered
himself a professional failure, having spent the war in the United
States, not on the battlefields of France. Twenty-six years later,
after serving for a period under Gen. George S. Patton Jr., Bradley
was given command of the 12th U.S. Army Group, with which he led
the invasion of Normandy during World War II. The 12th Army Group
totaled more than 1.3 million troops. In 1950, he was promoted
to the five-star rank of general of the Army (one rank below Pershing's
general of the Armies) and became the first chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff.
To discover more of Missouri's military destinations, battlefields
and veterans' memorials, log on to www.VisitMO.com, or order your
free copy of the 2006 Official Missouri Vacation Planner, by calling
800-519-4800.
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